Buckland is a village and large civil parish about four miles northeast of Faringdon in the Vale of White Horse District.

The civil parish includes the village of Buckland and the small settlements of Carswell and Barcote to the west, Buckland Marsh to the north, and the modern development of Gainfield on the southern boundary.

The River Thames forms the northern boundary of the parish, just over 1 mile north of the village. Streams that flow into the River Ock form its southern boundary. It is bounded by field boundaries to the east and west. The soil of the parish is a rich, sandy loam on a geology of Corallian Limestone and Oxford Clay.